Institute Ethics Committee

Prof. Debasish Sahoo Associate Prefessor, IMS & SUM HOSPITAL, Bhubaneswar Chairperson
Pro. Sunil Kumar Jha Dean, School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management Member Secretary
Dr. Chaitanya CVKK Assistant Proffessor, Paramedical Dept, Centurion University of Technology and Management Member (Clinician)
Mr. Dhruba Charan Sahoo DDU-GKY state, GM Placement and Post Placement for Govt. Aided Program Member (Social Scientist)
Mr. Arun Kanta Parida Law Practitioner Member (Legal Expert
Mr. Deepankar Rath Assistant Professor, Centurion University of Technology and Management Member (Scientific-M. Pharm. Pharmacology)
Ms. Soumya Jal Assistant Professor, Centurion University of Technology and Management Member (Scientific-Ph.D. Microbiology)
Mr. Chinmaya Chidananda Behera Assistant Professor, Centurion University of Technology and Management Member (Scientific-M. Pharm. Pharmaceutical Chemistry)
Mr. Rajkishor Majhi Resident of Jatni Member (Lay person)
Contact details:
Member Secretary: Prof. Sunil Kumar Jha,
Email: [email protected], Telephone Number: 9337877658.
For Proposal Submission
Email: [email protected]

Ph.D Awarded Scholars

Sl. No. Name of the PhD scholar Name of the Department Title of the thesis Year of registration of the scholar Year of award of PhD
1 Ms. Sandhya Sayantini Mohanty Chemistry SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND REMOVAL OF HEAVY METAL IONS FROM WATER BODIES USING NOVEL HYBRID MATERIALS BASED ON SILICA 2011 2015
2 Mr. Umesh Kumar Parida Chemistry SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES FOR BIO-MEDICAL APPLICATIONS 2011 2015
3 Ms. Anima Nayak CSE POPULATION BASED ALGORITHMS FOR GLOBAL OPTIMISATION AND APPLICATIONS 2011 2015
4 Mr. M. Vamsi Krishna CSE TOWARDS BRAIN TUMOR SEGMENTATION USING BIVARIATE MODEL CLASSIFICATIONS 2011 2016
5 Mr. Nabnit Panigrahi Mechanical PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE USING BIODIESEL FROM DIFFERENT TREE-BORNE OILS 2011 2016
6 Mr. Susanta Kumar Pathy Management TRAINING OF NON-GAZETTED POLICE PERSONNEL: A CASE STUDY OF COMMISSIONERATE POLICE IN ODISHA 2011 2016
7 Ms. Sujata Panda Mathematics MODELLING HEAT TRANSFER ASPECTS IN THE LAMINAR FLOW OF FLUID- PARTICLE SUSPENSION 2011 2016
8 Dr. Debi Prasanna Mohanty Chemistry SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STARCH BASED NONOCOMPOSITES FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF ANTICANCER DRUG 2012 2017
9 Mr. A.P. Sunny Dayal ECE ANTENNA ARRAY DESIGN FOR RADAR AND EMC APPLICATIONS 2012 2017
10 Mr. Amir Prasad Behera Humanities EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN A MULTI- SECTOR STATE PRIVATE UNIVERSITY: A COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH 2011 2017
11 Mr. B. Sudarshan Mechanical MODULAR MANUFACTURING IN READY MADE GARMENT INDUSTRY 2012 2017
12 Mr. Bhagabat Barik Management PURCHASE PREFERENCE OF MICRO INSURANCE AMONG RURAL BPL HOUSEHOLDS – A STUDY IN BALASORE DISTRICT OF ODISHA 2011 2017
13 Mr. Bhagabat Barik Management PURCHASE PREFERENCE OF MICRO INSURANCE AMONG RURAL BPL HOUSEHOLDS – A STUDY IN BALASORE DISTRICT OF ODISHA 2011 2017
14 Mr. Bhakta Bandhu Dash Management A STUDY ON JOB INVOLVEMENT OF EMPLOYEES IN INDIAN BANKS 2012 2017
15 Mr. Bhavani Sankar Panda CSE EXPERT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR RETRIEVAL OF MISSING DATA THROUGH SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES 2011 2017
16 Mr. Easwar Krishna Iyer Management CLOUD COMPUTING AND BLUE OCEAN STRATEGY CREATlNG A NEW STRATEGIC SEQUENCE 2011 2017
17 Mr. M. Vamsi Krishna ECE INVESTIGATIONS ON PATTERN SYNTHESIS OF LINEAR AND CIRCULAR ARRAYS USING NATURE INSPIRED METAHEURISTIC ALGORITHMS 2012 2017
18 Mr. Narayan Gouda Chemistry PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE FUELS FORM BIOMASS THROUGH THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESS 2012 2017
19 Mr. R. Pradeep Kumar Patnaik Management A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELLER AND CONSUMER RESPONSES TOWARDS SELECTED BRANDS OF DAIRY PRODUCTS IN SOUTHERN ODISHA 2011 2017
20 Mr. Rakesh Kumar Patra Management FACTORS AFFECTING THE PURCHASE PREFERENCE OF PRIVATE LABEL APPARELS IN SELECTED ORGANIZED
RETAIL CHAIN IN BHUBANESWAR
2011 2017
21 Mr. Rakesh Kumar Patra Management FACTORS AFFECTING THE PURCHASE PREFERENCE OF PRIVATE LABEL APPARELS IN SELECTED ORGANIZED RETAIL CHAIN IN BHUBANESWAR 2011 2017
22 Mr. Ranjan Kumar Harichandan Physics SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF “A” SITE SUBSTITUTED BARIUM BISMUTH TITANATE CERAMICS 2012 2017
23 Mr. Ranjan Kumar Harichandan Physics SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF “A” SITE SUBSTITUTED BARIUM BISMUTH TITANATE CERAMICS 2012 2017
24 Mr. S.N. Padhi Mechanical STABILITY OF FUCNTIONALLY GRADED MATERIAL BEAMS 2014 2017
25 Mr. Satyabrat Das Management ROLE OF RELATIONSHIP MARKETING IN CREATING FAVOURABLE BRAND IMAGE IN HOUSING FINANCE – A CASE STUDY OF HDFC IN SELECTED MARKETS 2011 2017
26 Mr. Satyabrat Das Management ROLE OF RELATIONSHIP MARKETING IN CREATING FAVOURABLE BRAND IMAGE IN HOUSING FINANCE – A CASE STUDY OF HDFC IN SELECTED MARKETS 2011 2017
27 Mr. T.V.S. Divakar ECE ANALYSIS OF MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA USING KNOWLEDGE BASED NEURAL NETWORKS 2011 2017
28 Mr. Tapas Kumar Patnaik Physics DEVELOPMENT, CHARACTERIZATION AND SOLID PARTICLE EROSION RESPONSE OF NEEDLE PUNCH NONWOVEN POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES 2014 2017
29 Ms. Bidya Dash Management EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND HR INITIATIVES – A STUDY IN BANKING INDUSTRY 2012 2017
30 Ms. Bidya Dash Management EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND HR INITIATIVES – A STUDY IN BANKING INDUSTRY 2012 2017
31 Ms. Deepika Patnaik Mathematics EFFICIENT ALGORITHMS AND ARCHITECTURES FOR VLSI IMPLEMENTATION OF 1-D, 2-D AND 3-D DCT 2012 2017
32 Ms. Madhusmita Sahu ECE PERFORMANCE COMPARISION OF K-MEANS AND ADAPTIVE K-MEANS CLUSTERING BASED ALGORITHMS ON IMAGES OF DIFFERENT RESOLUTIONS FOR BETER SEGMENTATION AND OBJECT DETECTION 2012 2017
33 Ms. Sasmita Mishra Management FINANCIAL RISK TOLERANCE OF INDIVIDUALS: A CASE STUDY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS, BASED ON CUSTOMERS OF A BANK IN BHUBANESWAR 2012 2017
34 Ms. Saswati Mishra Physics THEORETICAL STUDIES ON HYDROMAGNETIC FLOWS WITH OR WITHOUT MASS TRANSFER 2012 2017
35 Ms. Soumya Sucharita Patnaik Chemistry PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC AND ADSORPTION BEHAVIOUR OF SOME HYBRID MATERIALS TOWARDS REMOVAL OF ARSENIC,FLUORIDE AND PHOSPHATE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION 2011 2017
36 Ms. Swati Mohanty Chemistry PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DENDRITIC POLYMERS FOR DRUG DELIVERY APPLICATIONS 2012 2017
37 Mr. G. Arun Manohar Mechanical COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY ENHANCEMENT IN A SINGLE CYLINDER SPARK IGNITION ENGINE BY ADDITION OF NANO PARTICLES 2012 2018
38 Mr. Gautam Tanty Management VOLATILITY PATTERNS OF SECTORAL INDIAN IN THE INDIAN STOCK MARKET: EVIDENCE FORM
THE BOMBAY STOCK ENCHANGE
2012 2018
39 Mr. Gautam Tanty Management VOLATILITY PATTERNS OF SECTORAL INDIAN IN THE INDIAN STOCK MARKET: EVIDENCE FORM THE BOMBAY STOCK ENCHANGE 2012 2018
40 Mr. M. Ashok Kumar ECE INVESTIGATIONS ON IMPLANTED ANTENNAS INSIDE THE HUMAN BODY FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 2012 2018
41 Mr. Nagala Shyam Venkata Nooka Raju Management A STUDY ON THE FACTORS INFLUENCING INVESTOR’S DECISION TOWARDS INVESTMENT IN EQUITY SHARES: SELECTED DISTRICTS OF ANDHRA PRADESH 2012 2018
42 Mr. Nagala Shyam Venkata Nooka Raju Management A STUDY ON THE FACTORS INFLUENCING INVESTOR’S DECISION TOWARDS INVESTMENT IN EQUITY SHARES: SELECTED DISTRICTS OF ANDHRA PRADESH 2012 2018
43 Mr. Nayak Himanshu Sekhar Ray Mechanical STUDIES ON BIOGAS FROM KITCHEN WASTES: PRODUCTION, SCRUBBING AND ANALYSIS 2013 2018
44 Mr. Sabyasachi Mohanty CSE DESIGN OF SOME EFFICIENT HYBRID MACHINE LEARNING MODELS FOR ANALYSIS AN BEITER IMPLEMENTAION OF WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENTAL SCHEMES OF GOVERNMENT 2011 2018
45 Mr. Sant Kumar Lenka Humanities TEACHING AND LEARNING OF ENGLISH: A STUDY OF THE GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS IN KHORDHA DISTRICT 2011 2018
46 Mr. Sarita Nayak Management AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON RETENTION OF TALENTS IN INDIAN CORPORATE: AN EXPERIENCE FROM TELECOM SECTOR IN ODISHA 2012 2018
47 Mr. Soumyadarsha Mohanty Mechanical A STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRODES FOR EDM APPLICATIONS PRODUCED THROUGH RAPID
TOOLING ROUTE
2011 2018
48 Mr. Soumyadarsha Mohanty Mechanical A STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRODES FOR EDM APPLICATIONS PRODUCED THROUGH RAPID TOOLING ROUTE 2011 2018
49 Mr. Umakanta Nayak Management COMMUNITY RESOURCES MANAGEMENT & QUALITY OF LIFE OF CITIZENRY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF URBAN LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN SAN DIEGO AND BENGULURU 2014 2018
50 Ms. Tapaswini Nayak CSE IMPROVING INFORMATION RETRIEVAL ACCURACY AND PATTERN PREDICTION USING SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUE 2012 2018
51 Mr. Dastagiri Mabbu Mechanical SOME EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON EDM PROCESS PERFORMANCE WITH NON-EDIBLE PLANT
SEED OIL AS DIELECTRIC FLUID
2015 2019
52 Mr. Dastagiri Mabbu Mechanical SOME EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON EDM PROCESS PERFORMANCE WITH NON-EDIBLE PLANT SEED OIL AS DIELECTRIC FLUID 2015 2019
53 Mr. Kuldip Singh ECE POWER MANAGEMENT AND POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF ISOLATED HYBRID MICRO GRID FOR VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION 2016 2019
54 Mr. Prabodha Kumar Sahoo ECE SLOW MOVING OBJECT DETECTION IN INDOOR SCENE VIDEOS 2012 2019
55 Mr. Prithviranjan Padhi Management PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF GOLD EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS IN INDIA 2013 2019
56 Mr. S. Praveen Kumar CSE A STATISTICAL MODEL BASED APPROACH FOR IDENTIFYING GUILT AGENT IN A DISTRIBUTED NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING SKEW GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION 2016 2019
57 Mr. S. Praveen Kumar CSE A STATISTICAL MODEL BASED APPROACH FOR IDENTIFYING GUILT AGENT IN A DISTRIBUTED NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING SKEW GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION 2016 2019
58 Mr. Sangram Keshari Swain CSE BIG DATA ANALYTICS FOR FREQUENT TEST PATTERN AND UNSUPERVISED FEATURE LEARNING 2015 2019
59 Mr. Subhasish Das Management THE EFFECT OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON CUSTOMER LIFE CYCLE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON SELECTED RETAIL STORES OF BHUBANESWAR 2012 2019
60 Mr. Sudhanshu Bhushan Mohapatra Mechanical NON-EDIBLE VEGETABLE OILS AS SOURCES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR DIESEL ENGINES 2015 2019
61 Ms. Kalpana Jami Mechanical IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DISSIMILAR WELDMENTS PRODUCED UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS 2015 2019
62 Ms. Manasee Mishra Humanities EXPLORING CORRELATIONS AMONG ATTITUDE, SELF-EFFICACY AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACHIEVEMENT 2012 2019
63 Mr. Adarsh Rath Management PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN NGOS: A CASE STUDY IN HARSHA TRUST 2015 2020
64 MR. ADARSH RATH MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN NGOS: A CASE STUDY OF HARSHA TRUST.” 2015 2020
65 MR. BADRI NARAYAN MOHAPATRA ECE ANALYSIS  OF DIFFERENT INDOOR  ILLUMINATION METHODS  USING DAYLIGHT.” 2012 2020
66 MR. IPPIL HARISH MECHANICAL MULTI RESPONSE OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS IN WEDM MACHINING OF D2 STEEL USING TOPSIS TECHNIQUE.” 2015 2020
67 Mr. Kamal Hassan Honorary Doctorate 2020
68 Mr. Kunjabihari Swain ECE WIDE AREA SITUATIONAL AWARENESS ASSESSMENT USING PHASOR MEASUREMENT UNITS 2017 2020
69 MR. KUNJABIHARI SWAIN ECE WIDE AREA SITUATIONAL AWARENESS  ASSESSMENT USING PHASOR  MEASUREMENT UNITS.” 2017 2020
70 Mr. Prafulla Kumar Panda Civil RIVER DYNAMICS AND FLOOD RISK EVALUATION IN PARTS OF KOSI RIVER, NORTH BIHAR INDIA-AN INTEGRATED APPROACH 2016 2020
71 MR. PRAFULLA KUMAR PANDA CIVIL RIVER DYNAMICS AND FLOOD RISK EVALUATION IN PARTS OF THE KOSI RIVER NORTH BIHARI, INDIA -AN INTEGRATED  APPROACH.” 2016 2020
72 MR. PREMANANDA SAHU MECHANICAL BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION AND CLASSFICATION USING MACHINE LEARNING AND SOFT COMPUTING TECHNQUES FROM MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES” 2016 2020
73 MR. SARATA KUMAR SENAPATI CHEMISTRY SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIODIESEL FROM SUSTAINABLE RESOURCES.” 2017 2020
74 Mr. Shiv Sankar Das Management DIFFUSION OF CLEAN ENERGY PRODUCTS IN RURAL AREAS OF INDIA: A CASE STUDY OF ODISHA 2015 2020
75 MR. SHIV SANKAR DAS MANAGEMENT DIFFUSION OF CLEAN ENERGY PRODUCTS IN RURAL AREAS IN INDIA: A CASE STUDY OF ODISHA.” 2015 2020
76 Mr. Somnath Sridhar Panicker Honorary Doctorate 2020
77 MR. SURJYANARAYAN PANDA CHEMISTRY DE-INKING   TECHNOLOGY AND  RECYCLING OF WASTE PAPER WITH  DIFFERENT SURFACTANTS AND  ADDITIVES.” 2016 2020
78 Mr. Vade Venkata Suresh Mechanical DEVELOPMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATION SYSTEM TO INFLUENCE THE METALLURGICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MILD STEEL 1018 WELDED JOINTS 2017 2020
79 MR.ATANU RANJAN OJHA CHEMISTRY SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL REINFORCED  BIO-DEGRADABLE COMPOSITES SUPPORTED ON PALM TREE STALK FIBERS.” 2015 2020
80 MR.BADE VENKATA SURESH MECHANICAL DEVELOPMENT   OF MECHANICAL   VIBRATION SYSTEM TO INFLUENCE  THE METALLURGICAL  AND  MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MILD  STEEL 1018  WELDED JOINTS.” 2017 2020
81 Ms. Madhusmita Choudhury Management BRAND EVANGELISM AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION OF CAR PURCHASE 2015 2020
82 Ms. Suchismita Mohanty Physics PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPHENE-BASED POLYMER COMPOSITES FOR IMPROVEMENT IN STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES 2013 2020
83 MS. SUDESHNA DUTTA MANAGEMENT EVALUATION SERVICE QUALITY WITH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION- A STUDY OF PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS IN BHUBANESWAR.” 2013 2020
84 MADHUSMITA SHIAL ECE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ATSC 3.0 AND 5G TECHNOLOGY IN DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL BROADCASTING”. 2017 2021
85 MR. ARUN KUMAR PATRA MATHEMATICS STUDY ON DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOW PHENOMENA OF NANOFLUIDS OVER THE STRETCHING/SHRINKING SURFACES.” 2017 2021
86 MR. BINOY KUMAR BOSE MANAGEMENT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT IN KHORDHA DISTRICT OF ODISHA.” 2012 2021
87 MR. GAGAN KUMAR PANIGRAHI ZOOLOGY STUDIES ON POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPROGRAMMING OF RESISTANCE GENES UPON PATHOGEN INFECTION IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA” 2019 2021
88 MR. KAMALA KUMAR  PRADHAN MATHEMATICS MODELING ELECTRIFICATION OF NANOPARTICLES IN NON-HOMOGENEOUS NANOFLUID FLOW WITH HEAT TRANSFER OVER STRETCHING SURFACES.” 2017 2021
89 MR. SOUMYENDRA MISHRA MATHEMATICS MODELING HEAT TRANSFER ASPECTS IN THE MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOW OF VARIOUS NANOFLUIDS.” 2017 2021
90 MR. TAPAS BANTHA MANAGEMENT WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND WORK ENGAGEMENT: A SALUTARY NEXUS.” 2019 2021
91 MR.ADITYA KUMAR PATI MATHEMATICS HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER ANALYSIS IN MODELLING LAMINAR BOUNDARY LAYER NANOFLUID FLOW WITH NANOPARTICLE ELECTRIFICATION.” 2016 2021
92 MR.AJIT KUMAR PATRO ECE EFFICIENT ALGORITHMS AND ARCHITECTURES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM AND DISCRETE SINE TRANSFORM ” 2012 2021
93 MR.ANUP PATNAIK CSE TRUST MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL
FOR UBIQUITOUS AND PERVASIVE IOT NETWORK”.
2017 2021
94 MR.B.S.S.V.RAMESH BABU ECE NOVEL TECHNIQUES OF ELLIPTICAL ANTENNA ARRAY SYNTHESIS USING EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTING TOOLS.” 2017 2021
95 MR.CHITRASENA PADHY AGRICULTURE EXTENSION & COMMUNICATION RISK AND STRESS INVOLVED IN COTTON CULTIVATION-A STUDY ON CULTIVATION PRACTICES FOLLOWED IN ODISHA ALONG WITH STRATEGIES SUGGESTED FOR EFFECTIVE STRESS MANAGEMENT.” 2017 2021
96 MR.DEBASRITA DASH CHEMISTRY STUDIES ON STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF LANTHANIDE (SM, EU&GD) DOPED ZNO NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY SOFT SOLUTION ROUTE.” 2018 2021
97 MR.J MARUTHI NAGENDRA PRASAD CSE LUNG NODULE DETECTION USING
HYBRID PATCH INTENSITY BASED FRUIT FLY OPTIMIZATION SEGMENTATION AND
CLASSIFICATION”.
2017 2021
98 MR.JAYASANKAR PANDA MANAGEMENT IMPACT OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT ON COMMUNICATION AND BEHAVIOUR OF ELDERLY PERSON.” 2016 2021
99 MR.PRADIP KUMAR PRUSTY ZOOLOGY MODELING ELECTRIFICATION OF NANOPARTICLES IN NON-HOMOGENEOUS NANOFLUID FLOW WITH HEAT TRANSFER OVER STRETCHING SURFACES.” 2018 2021
100 MR.RAVURI VISWANADHAM ECE INVESTINGATION ON NON-UNIFORM SAMPLING SCHEMES FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION APPLICATIONS.” 2017 2021
101 MR.S.SUDHEER MANGALAMPALLI CSE “NATURE INSPIRED ENERGY EFFICIENT TASK SCHEDULING ALGORITHM BASED ON MULTI CRITERIA DECISION MAKING METHOD IN CLOUD COMPUTING.” 2018 2021
102 MR.SANTOSH PATRO MECHANICAL MULTI RESPONSE  OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS IN WIRE EDM MACHINING OF D2 STEELS WITH GREY FUZZY TECHNIQUE.” 2017 2021
103 MR.SRIKANTA PATNAIK ECE OPTIMIZATION OF IMAGE PROCESSING METHODS FOR EDGE DETECTION BASED ON EDGE STRENGTH USING NEURO FUZZY TECHNIQUES.” 2012 2021
104 MR.V.P.SAIKISHORE CHEMISTRY SYNTHESIS, SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATIONS AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SOME TERNARY COMPLEXES WITH MOLECULAR DOCKING INVESTIGATIONS AGAINST CORONAVIRUS.” 2015 2021
105 MR.VADREVU PAVAN KUMAR CSE PERSONAL PRIVACY PRESERVING DATA PUBLICATION IN THE AGE OF BIG DATA.” 2017 2021
106 MS. SWETALINA MISHRA MANAGEMENT A STUDY ON COMPETENCY MAPPING OF EMPLOYEES OF POWER SECTOR IN ODISHA.” 2013 2021
107 MS.A.V.S.SWATHI “OPTIMIZATION OF CIRCULAR
ANTENNA ARRAY USING EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTING TOOLS.”
2017 2021
108 MS.JAYASMITA BEURA CHEMISTRY EFFICIENT ALGORITHMS AND ARCHITECTURES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM AND DISCRETE SINE TRANSFORM. ” 2013 2021
109 MS.MADHUSMITA GHADAI CIVIL MULTI-VARIATE STATISTICAL STUDIES ON SPATIAL & TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN BRAHMANI RIVER, INDIA AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED MODEL FOR QUALITY ASSESSMENT USING ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS ”. 2016 2021
110 MS.MEENAKSHI BOSE MANAGEMENT VALUING WOMEN’S UNPAID WORK: A CASE STUDY OF KHORDHA DISTRICT, ODISHA.” 2014 2021
111 MS.TAPASWINI DASH MANAGEMENT MOTIVATION AND JOB SATISFACTION OF RURAL PUBLIC HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS OF ODISHA: ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVEMENT.” 2014 2021
112 SASI BHUSAN PADHI MATHEMATICS MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC NANOFLUID FLOW OVER A STRETCHABLE MELTING SURFACE WITH HEAT TRANSFER”. 2018 2021
113 MR.ANUP PATNAIK COMPUTER SCIENCES & ENGINEERING “TRUST MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL
FOR UBIQUITOUS AND PERVASIVE IOT NETWORK”.
2017 2021-2022
114 MR.INDUSEKHAR SAMANTHA ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING “MACHINE INTELLIGENT   TECHNIQUES APPLICATION TO POWER QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING.” 2017 2021-2022
115 MR.J MARUTHI NAGENDRA PRASAD COMPUTER SCIENCES & ENGINEERING “LUNG NODULE DETECTION USING
HYBRID PATCH INTENSITY BASED FRUIT FLY OPTIMIZATION SEGMENTATION AND
CLASSIFICATION”.
2017 2021-2022
116 MR.SAIBHUSAN PADHI MATHEMATICS “MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC
NANOFLUID FLOW OVER A STRETCHABLE MELTING SURFACE WITH HEAT TRANSFER”.
2018 2021-2022
117 MR.SUJIT MISHRA MECHANICAL  ENGINEERING “AERODYNAMIC SIMULATION FOR SIMPLIFIED CARS MOVING IN DUSTY FLUID MEDIUM.” 2016 2021-2022
118 MS. SUNITA SATAPATHY ZOOLOGY “STUDIES ON EARTHWORM ACTIVITY, SOIL METABOLISM AND PLANT GROWTH WITH RESPECT TO INDUSTRIAL FLY ASH OF DISTRICT JHARSUGUDA, ODISHA, INDIA.” 2018 2021-2022
119 MS.DEBASRITA DASH CHEMISTRY “STUDIES ON STRUCTURAL AND
OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF LANTHANIDE (SM, EU&GD) DOPED ZNO NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED
BY SOFT SOLUTION ROUTE.”
2018 2021-2022
120 MS.MADHUSMITA SHIAL ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING “PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ATSC
3.0 AND 5G TECHNOLOGY IN DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL BROADCASTING”.
2017 2021-2022
121 V.P.SAIKISHORE CHEMISTRY “SYNTHESIS, SPECTRAL
CHARACTERIZATIONS AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SOME TERNARY COMPLEXES WITH
MOLECULAR DOCKING INVESTIGATIONS AGAINST CORONAVIRUS.”
2015 2021-2022

Research Labs and equipment

Model: PJ-A3005D-50 Mitutoyo, Japan

SpecificationLearning ObjectiveLearning OutcomeTools RequiredSafety/Precaution
     
This is a multi-purpose Profile Projector1.Care & OperationUnderstandingSoft Lens Cleaning ClothApron
for factory inspection use. It can performof Profile ProjectorOperation of Profile Soft Gloves
precision measurement of work piece2. MagnificationProjectorLens CleanerShoes
dimension, contours and surface feature.

Requirement

3. Dimension &

Knowledge ofMagnifying Lens 
Code No. 302-704-1E (PJ-A3005D-50)Angle MeasuringDimension & Angle  
X axis stroke 50mm, Y axis stroke 50mmTechniquesMeasuring MethodsOperation Guide Book 
Maximum Work Piece Height 123mm3. Result AnalysisHands on Industrial  
Magnification Error ± 0.1mm (in 100mm) Experience  
Magnification Error ± 0.14mm (inFor:   
140mm)DiplomaResearch and  
 B.Sc. / M.Sc.Analysis  
Resolution for coordinate measurementB.Tech /M.Tech   
(X, Y counter)-0.001mmResearch (PhD)   

PROFILE PROJECTOR PJ-A3000 SERIES

VOLATILE MATTER FURNACE

Model: VMF 10/6 Make: CARBOLITE Limited, UNITED KINGDOM

SpecificationLearning ObjectiveLearning OutcomeTools RequiredSafety/Precaution
The VMF 10/6 designed for testing the1.Sample Preparation as perUnderstand Volatile Matter in CoalGrinderShoes
volatile matter of coal according to ISOStandard Pallet PressApron

562:2010

Maximum Temperature1000⁰C

Type Front loading

Maximum Continuous Operating

Temperature 900⁰C

Heat-up time 20 minutes to 900°C Dimensions: Internal H x W x D :

( mm) 100 x 210 x 260

Dimensions: External H x W x D (mm)

655 x 435 x 610

Max power (W) 3000

Thermocouple type K

Make: CARBOLITE Limited, Parsons

Lane, Hope, Hope Valley,533 6RB,

UNITED KINGDOM

GERO GmbH & Co. KG,

Hesselbachstr,15, 75242 Neuhausen,

GERMANY

2.Care & Operation of Furnace

& Accessories

3. Calculate Volatile Matter Percentage

For:

Diploma

B.Sc. /M.Sc.

B.Tech /M.Tech

Research (PhD)

Evaluate Volatile Matter in Coal

Write a Scientific & Professional

Report for Volatile Matter in Coal

Hands on Industrial Experience

Crucible

Rack Plate

Tong

Hand Gloves

PROFILE PROJECTOR PJ-A3000 SERIES

ASHING FURNACE

Model: AAF 11/7 Make: CARBOLITE Limited, UNITED KINGDOM

SpecificationLearning ObjectiveLearning OutcomeTools RequiredSafety/Precaution
The ash furnace provides optimum combustion1.Sample Preparation ofUnderstanding Ash Content in CoalGrinderShoes
conditions to ensure complete combustion ofCoal for Ash Analysis as Pallet PressApron
the sample. The necessarily high airflow isper StandardEvaluate & Grading Coal (AshCrucibleHand Gloves
preheated before entering the chamber. The silicon carbide tiles are provided to protect the heating elements from the accumulation of

2.Operation & Care of

Furnace

3.Grading & Reporting

Percentage)

Write a Professional Scientific Report

Rack Plate

Tong

 

carbon that can occur during applications.

Other heat treatment work can be done in AAF

11/7 furnace at a maximum operating temperature of 1100°C ± 5⁰C

Make: CARBOLITE Limited, Parsons Lane,

Hope, Hope Valley,533 6RB, UNITED

KINGDOM

GERO GmbH & Co. KG, Hesselbachstr,15,

75242 Neuhausen, GERMANY

Ash Content in CoalHands on Industrial Experience,  

ASHING FURNACE

ROCKWELL HARDNESS TESTING MACHINE -DIGITAL

Model: A300 (HR 320MS) Mitutoyo, Brazil

SpecificationLearning ObjectiveLearning OutcomeTools RequiredSafety/Precaution
The Hardness Tester is designed to test the1.SampleSafe Operation ofWeight:Shoes
hardness of general steel, metals and somePreparationHardness Tester15,30,45,60,100,150 gramsApron
non metals to the Rockwell Hardness Test2.Operation of  Hand Gloves
Method using A, B, C scale.Hardness TesterKnowledge ofDiamond Indenter 
 3. Result AnalysisHardness ScalesSteel Ball Indenter 1/6 inch 
Make: Mitutoyo Sul Americana Ltda, Av,  Flat Anvil -64mm 
Joao Carloos da Silva Borges,1240-CEP Hands on IndustrialHRC Test Block-30 & 
04726-002 Santo Amaro- Sao Paulo-SP,For:Experience60HRC, 90HRB, 65HR30N, 
BRASILDiploma & 70HR30T 
 B.Sc. / M.Sc.Research andAC Adapter 
 

B.Tech /M.Tech

Research (PhD)

Analysis  

ROCKWELL HARDNESS TESTING MACHINE -DIGITAL

ANALYTICAL SIEVE SHAKER

Model: AS 200 digital Retsch GmbH, Germany

SpecificationLearning ObjectiveLearning OutcomeTools RequiredSafety/Precaution
AS 200 have digital time display, interval1.Standard SampleUnderstand Grain Size &1. Vibration DeckShoes
operation and analogue adjustment with opticalPreparationMesh Size2. Sieve SizesApron
monitoring of the vibration height. (vibration2.Arranging Sieves in a 45µmHand Gloves
height adjustable from 0 to 3mm).DeckFamiliarization with ASTM65µm 
 3.Cleaning, Care && ISO Standards125µm 
Electromagnetic driveOperation of SIEVE 250µm 
3 Dimensional Motion of ProjectionsSHAKERResearch & Development500µm 
3000 Vibration / minute4. Result Analysis &and Quality Control of Raw1.0mm 
Quiet Running (65 dB)Report WritingMaterials

2.0mm

4.0mm

 
Application:For:Hands on Industrial3. Collecting Pan 
Separation, fractioning,DiplomaProduction Experience4. Wet pan 
Particle Size DeterminationB.Sc. / M.Sc.   
Feed material: Powders, Bulk Materials,B.Tech /M.TechIndependent Thinking  

Slurry/Suspensions

Measuring range: 20μm to 25mm

Maximum Batch Feed Capacity: 3Kg

Maximum No. of Fractions: 9/17

Maximum Mass of Sieve Stack: 4Kg

Make: Retsch GmbH, Retsch-Alle 1-5,

42781 Haan,Germany

Research (PhD)   

ANALYTICAL SIEVE SHAKER

PARR ISOPERIBOL BOMB CALORIMETER

Model: 6200 with 1108P Vessel PARR INSTRUMENT COMPANY, USA

SpecificationLearning ObjectiveLearning OutcomeTools RequiredSafety/Precaution
     
The temperature-controlled water1.SampleCleaning, Care &1108P OxygenShoes
jacketed calorimeter with a built-inPreparation (solid,Operation of a CalorimeterCombustion vesselApron
circulating system and an electric heaterliquid) Oval Bucket – 1 No.Hand
calorimeter with Automatic2.Loading &Test Procedure forIgnition Thread testGloves
Microprocessor Control. It has a built-inOperationCalorific Value of aHeat wire, 
automatic system for charging theProcedure ofSubstanceBenzoic acid pellets 
combustion vessel with oxygen. It isBomb Calorimeter Sample crucibles – 
equipped with high precision electronic3. Result AnalysisUnderstand & EvaluatePK/6 
thermometer. Calorific Value  
A variety of vessels can be used for testing  Oxygen Gas Cylinder 
samples releasing from 52 calories toFor:Write a Professional and47 Liters with Gas 
12,000 calories per test.

Diploma

B.Sc. / M.Sc.

Scientific ReportRegulator 
Test Hour: 4-7 as equippedB.Tech /M.TechHands on Industrial  
Operator time per test: 6 minResearch (PhD)Experience  

Precision / Repeatability (%RSD): 0.05-

0.10%

 Analytical and Critical  

Temperature Resolution: 0.0001°C

Removable Vessel & Bucket

Bucket Filling: Manual

Oxygen Filling: Automatic

Combustion Vessel Washing: Manual

Memory1000 Tests

M/S. PARR INSTRUMENT COMPANY, 211, 53RD STREET,

MOLINE, IIIINOIS 61265, USA

 Thinking.  

PARR ISOPERIBOL BOMB CALORIMETER

Research Policies & Guidelines

RESEARCH POLICY OF CUTM

Objectives of Research Policy
The broad objective of the research policy is to provide guide lines for undertaking high impact and context specific applied research so that CUTM will be well-known in the chosen fields in next five years. The objectives include knowledge generation, evidence-based advocacy, experiential learning and strengthening the curriculum.

Organisation of Research Activities
The research activities at CUTM will be organised in a decentralised manner, with minimal central coordination for ensuring standardisation of publication and high quality output. Figure 1 indicates the Research Organisation Structure at CUTM. There will be a Research Policy Group (RPG) headed by the Vice Chancellor with the Director (Research) as the Member Secretary. Other members of the Research Policy Group would constitute Pro-VC (Engineering), Pro VC (Management) and Pro VC (Learning). The Research Policy Group will decide policy guidelines and themes for the research at the University. It will meet twice in a year.

The Research Advisory Group (RAG) comprising of the President (CUTM), Vice-President (CUTM), experts from government, industry, civil society and academia will advise the Research Council about the desired direction and scope of research at CUTM. The RAG will be chaired by the President (CUTM). Director (Research) will be the Member Secretary. RAG will meet once a year.

To operationalise the research activities at department and faculty level, there will be a Research Council (RC) comprising Dean (Engineering), Dean (Management), Dean (TPC) and Director (Research). Director (Research) will be the Chairperson of the Research Committee. The Research Council will meet at least once in three months, facilitate the research activities, monitor progress and ensure timely publication. Every department head or a designated faculty from the department will have single point responsibility for all research related activities of their department and he/she will report to the Director (Research), through respective heads of the department.

There will be a Research Coordination Committee (RCC) comprising Director (Research), Coordinator (Doctoral Research) and Coordinator (Graduate Research). Director (Research) will be the Chairperson of this Committee. She/he will be responsible for research process standardisation, quality assurance, progress monitoring and publication. RCC will meet once in every month

In partial fulfillment of the academic programs, research activities will be taken up by the students at doctoral, masters and graduate level. Similarly faculty also undertakes research in its area of interest. The Research Coordination Committee will ensure that the faculty’s and student’s research activities are standardized, reasonable quality is assured and the output of the research meets the direction recommended by the Research Council. Accordingly, it will be responsible for enhancing research capacity of faculty and students, developing style manual, facilitating linkage with outside institutions and supporting in-house and outside publication. The Research Coordination Committee will create an enabling research environment in the university through weekly seminar series, symposiums, etc. It will network with researchers and institutions for strengthening research activities.

Themes of Research

Although faculty and students can chose their topic of research, considering the need of the university to be well-known in specific areas of interest to the region/state, they will be counselled to undertake research activities in the following thematic areas.

  1. Engineering
    1. Low Cost Building Technology
    2. Watershed Development
    3. Water and Sanitation
    4. Smart Grid
    5. Integrated Energy System
    6. Renewable Energy
    7. Clean Coal Technology
    8. Metal Extraction
    9. Flexible Manufacturing
    10. Cloud Computing
    11. GIS and Remote Sensing
  2. Agriculture
    1. Organic Farming
    2. Organic Manure
    3. Integrated Pest Management
    4. Natural Resource Management
    5. Horticulture
    6. Forestry
    7. Fishery
    8. Goatery
    9. Dairy
  3. Management
    1. Medium and Small Enterprises
    2. Agribusiness Management
    3. Social Entrepreneurship
    4. Rural Marketing
    5. Rural Finance
    6. Sustainable Livelihood Security
    7. Development Communication
    8. Technology Management
  4. Humanities/Social Science/Basic Science
    1. Gender and Development
    2. Sustainable Development
    3. Decentralized Planning
    4. Development Communication
    5. Technology-Society Interface
    6. Disaster Management

Research Publication

The output of the research by the faculty will be published in-house in the form of Working Paper and Research Study. Faculty will be encouraged to publish in refereed journals. The output of students’ research will be published as dissertation, theses or research reports. Each in-house publication will go through a quality assurance process before it is released to public domain. The Research Coordination Committee may delegate the quality assurance task to the faculty members. If required, language editing facility will be provided to the faculty and students. It is expected that each faculty will publish at least one Working paper in a year. The procedure for publication of Working Paper will be as below.

  1. Submission to a committee (to ensure quality of WP’s)
  2. Referee to review the WP internally and assess the criteria – theoretical, empirical contribution by the author
  3. Literature review and inclusion of new material is required
  4. Prescribed referencing pattern has to be followed by the author
  5. Grading of WP’s – i) Publishable, ii) Publishable with revision, iii) Not publishable
  6. Referee reports should be available in 3 weeks time
  7. The working paper can be put on hold, if it hampers the publication of the same in a journal

Incentives for Research:
Incentives in the form of financial reward and promotion will be an integral part of the
research policy of the University. It will be announced from time to time.

Ph.D Programme

Give yourself an edge in this competitive world. Join a multidisciplinary PhD Program to enrich your research experience. The University’s PhD Programs provide the chance to work with others who share a passion for discovering new knowledge and push disciplinary boundaries.

Apply Online (Compulsory)

Last date for registration is extended to 31st May 2022.

Why join a PhD Program

Students in our PhD programs are encouraged from day one to think of this experience as their first job – a training ground for a challenging and rewarding career generating rigorous, relevant research that influences theory, practice and policy.

By joining a PhD Program, you will set yourself up for success. You’ll have support and opportunities throughout your research degree. This will enable you to:

  • access a breadth of expertise from across the University
  • consider your research from the perspective of other disciplines
  • place your research in a broader multidisciplinary context
  • develop professional skills to enhance your career prospects
  • improve your research and communication skills to become an accomplished researcher

Ph.D Admission 2022

The University invites Application for its Doctoral Programme (Entry June 2022).

Candidates who have qualified in JRF, GATE and NET etc are encouraged to apply.

Candidates can align themselves with one of the 25 multidisciplinary research centers that have been promoted by the University.

Computational Mathematics Communication Technologies
Center for Smart Infrastructure Center for Manufacturing
Center for Fintech Center for Drug Design and Delivery
Center for Phyto Pharma Center for Smart Agriculture and Allied Sector
Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center for Agriculture Production
Center for Data Sciences Center for AI and Robotics
Center for Bioelectronics Center for Chip Making
Center for e-mobility solutions Center for Space and Earth Sciences
Center for New Material Applications Center for Lasers
Center for Genetics and Genomics Center for Governance and Sustainable Societies
Center for Medical Diagnostics Center for Waste to Wealth Management
Center for Digital Manufacturing Center for Ed-Tech and Skills Tech
Center for 3DS Applications

These Centers and social enterprises promoted by the University help in solving real life problems faced by the community through the development of skilled manpower and appropriate technologies.

Gram Tarang Technologies, a vertical of Centurion University is interested in collaborating and financially supporting Ph.D in the following areas (product development):

  1. E Mobility: Includes Bikes, SCV and Drones
  2. Insulin Pump Design and Manufacturing
  3. Hand held Bio Medical Devices or Lab on Chip Kits
  4. Phyto Pharma Applications to Gut Health, Insecticides and others
  5. AI/ ML Applications
  6. Software Product Development using Block chain, Fin Tech etc
  7. Smart Agriculture Applications
  8. New Materials ( including Composites and Bio-materials)

The University encourages applicants interested in the above areas to apply and may be considered for full time research positions. They will be allotted supervisors from the industry as well as the University.

FAQs
In any query, E-mail to the ID: [email protected]

Applicants are advised to visit the concerned School in the CUTM website for more details about possible supervisors and areas of research.
They must read the Ph.D regulations for eligibility and other details. The University encourages candidates to undertake action research.

Hard copies i.e Application Form, Brief Synopsis, Screenshot of the payment, CV, Passport size photo (2 nos),
Migration Certificates , Photocopy of qualification & experience to be posted to:-

Ph.D Application –
To – Coordinator,
Ph.D Cell,

Centurion University of Technology and Management
At- Ramachandrapur,
P.O – Jatni, Bhubaneswar,
Pin – 752050
Dist: Khurda, Odisha, India

LAST DATE FOR RECEIVING ONLINE APPLICATIONS IS 20th Dec 2021.

In case of any query you may contact Dr. Kamal Barik in his mail id – [email protected] , Call: +91-9439477770

In case of any technical problem (at the time of filling-in online application), you may contact Mr. Nrusinha Das Email- [email protected].


Ph.D Awarded
RM & Course Work Information
Formalities and Procedures for Submission of Synopsis and Thesis

Overview

CUTM Doctoral Programme

We enable you to design your own PhD programs. The focus could be in a core discipline or multidisciplinary and applied sciences, to resolve real time, real world problems. It could be in niche areas, be process or product oriented, and relating to management or social issues. The program features a series of activities to enhance your learning experience. You have to complete the mandated coursework and in addition attend workshops and seminars, delivered by experts in your field. You will keep up to date with research findings in the discipline(s) of interest to you. And you will also have opportunities for teaching, mentoring and internships.

The University started offering the doctoral programme in 2011 in the areas of Engineering, Applied Sciences, Management, Humanities/Social Sciences, Pharmacy, Agriculture. Ph.D in Inter-disciplinary areas are also accepted in the programme. So far the University has produced 58 doctorates and there are a total of 262 students enrolled in the Ph.D programme in different disciplines, out of which 22 are receiving stipends from the University. Centurion University encourages Ph.D students to undertake action research with strong policy and application implications.

Course Work

A student has to complete course work of one year duration in which Research Methodology is compulsory. The Ph.D scholars admitted to CUTM are required to qualify in three subjects i.e. Research Methodology, Paper II ,Paper III . Scholars belonging to Science and Engineering are appearing in a written examination conducted annually and the scholars belonging to Humanities and Management have a choice of presentation and submission pattern of a Special Study report and publication as a review paper as substitutes to Paper II and Paper III respectively.

Objective –

The main objectives of the course work is to develop an understanding of the following: theoretical and methodological foundations of research;

  • the research process;
  • how to prepare a research design including the methods and techniques to be used;
  • the theoretical formulation of a topic, the process and methods of data collection;
  • how data is analysed and interpreted; and
  • the process of writing a research report.

Course content –

The scholars are given admission for three years including pre-registration year in which they are required to obtain a grade point of 6.0 through their course work, enabling them to register for the research work and submission of the thesis thereafter. The course work is to be evaluated through credit system comprising of 2 courses and a review paper each having 4 credits as per below given details.

  1. Paper I – Research Methodology
  2. Paper II – Foundation course relevant to the area of research.
  3. Paper III – Literature Review (based on the topic of research), preferably sent for publication.

The Research Methodology (RM) course is mandatory for all in which the scholar has to be physically present with 75% attendance to complete it. The students participate in the class either at the Jatni Campus (during weekends over a span of over 2 months – August – November) or for a period of 7 days at a stretch in the month of November at the Parlakhemundi Campus. RM carries 40% internal and 60% external marks. The internal examination is conducted by the supervisor /committee member. The external examination is for 60% written type and open book.

About the programme –

This programme includes registration seminar , course work, annual review , pre-submission talk and thesis submission. One can submit his/her thesis after 3 years of registration. If the scholar unable to submit the thesis within the stipulated time period, an extension of 2 years is allowed. Extensions beyond 5 years is allowed in special cases only.